Oral cancer can develop in various areas of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, inner cheeks, and more. Spotting it early makes treatment far more effective — but the initial signs are often easy to miss.

A key red flag? A mouth sore that doesn’t heal after two weeks. According to the National Cancer Institute, these sores might appear on the gums, lips, or mouth lining and may not cause pain right away.

Watch for unusual color changes, too. White patches (leukoplakia) or red patches (erythroplakia) can signal abnormal cell changes. Mayo Clinic experts point out that red patches tend to carry a higher cancer risk. Bleeding in the mouth without an obvious cause is another warning sign.

Other symptoms to stay alert for include lumps, areas that feel thick or rough, and ongoing numbness or pain. The American Dental Association stresses that unusual sensations in the lips, tongue, or chin deserve prompt attention. Trouble chewing, swallowing, or moving the jaw could also point to something more serious.